Romulus Corp. is a US-based company that prepares its fi nancial statements in accordance
with US GAAP. Romulus Corp. has two European subsidiaries: Julius and Augustus. Anthony
Marks, CFA, is an analyst trying to forecast Romulus’s 20X2 results. Marks has prepared separate forecasts for both Julius and Augustus, as well as for Romulus’s other operations (prior
to consolidating the results.) He is now considering the impact of currency translation on the
results of both the subsidiaries and the parent company’s consolidated fi nancials. His research
has provided the following insights:
• Th e results for Julius will be translated into US dollars using the current rate method.
• Th e results for Augustus will be translated into US dollars using the temporal method.
• Both Julius and Augustus use the FIFO method to account for inventory • Julius had year-end 20X1 inventory of €340 million. Marks believes Julius will report €2,300
in sales and €1,400 in cost of sales in 20X2.
Marks also forecasts the 20X2 year-end balance sheet for Julius (Exhibit 1). Data and
forecasts related to euro/dollar exchange rates are presented in Exhibit 2.
EXHIBIT 1 Forecasted Balance Sheet Data for Julius,
31 December 20X2 (€ millions)
Cash 50
Accounts receivable 100
Inventory 700
Fixed assets 1,450
Total assets 2,300
Liabilities 700
Common stock 1,500
Retained earnings 100
Total liabilities and shareholder equity 2,300
EXHIBIT 2 Exchange Rates ($/€)
31 December 20X1 1.47
31 December 20X2 1.61
20X2 average 1.54
Rate when fi xed assets were acquired 1.25
Rate when 20X1 inventory was acquired 1.39
Rate when 20X2 inventory was acquired 1.49
14 . To account for its foreign operations, Romulus has most likely designated the euro as the
functional currency for:
A . Julius only.
B . Augustus only.
C . both Julius and Augustus.

Romulus Corp. is a US-based company that prepares its fi nancial statements in accordance
with US GAAP. Romulus Corp. has two European subsidiaries: Julius and Augustus. Anthony
Marks, CFA, is an analyst trying to forecast Romulus’s 20X2 results. Marks has prepared separate forecasts for both Julius and Augustus, as well as for Romulus’s other operations (prior
to consolidating the results.) He is now considering the impact of currency translation on the
results of both the subsidiaries and the parent company’s consolidated fi nancials. His research
has provided the following insights:
• Th e results for Julius will be translated into US dollars using the current rate method.
• Th e results for Augustus will be translated into US dollars using the temporal method.
• Both Julius and Augustus use the FIFO method to account for inventory • Julius had year-end 20X1 inventory of €340 million. Marks believes Julius will report €2,300
in sales and €1,400 in cost of sales in 20X2.
Marks also forecasts the 20X2 year-end balance sheet for Julius (Exhibit 1). Data and
forecasts related to euro/dollar exchange rates are presented in Exhibit 2.
EXHIBIT 1 Forecasted Balance Sheet Data for Julius,
31 December 20X2 (€ millions)
Cash 50
Accounts receivable 100
Inventory 700
Fixed assets 1,450
Total assets 2,300
Liabilities 700
Common stock 1,500
Retained earnings 100
Total liabilities and shareholder equity 2,300
EXHIBIT 2 Exchange Rates ($/€)
31 December 20X1 1.47
31 December 20X2 1.61
20X2 average 1.54
Rate when fi xed assets were acquired 1.25
Rate when 20X1 inventory was acquired 1.39
Rate when 20X2 inventory was acquired 1.49
15 . When Romulus consolidates the results of Julius, any unrealized exchange rate holding
gains on monetary assets should be:
A . reported as part of operating income.
B . reported as a non-operating item on the income statement.
C . reported directly to equity as part of the cumulative translation adjustment.